Improvement in the manufacture of artificial fuel



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HALSTED, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FUEL.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 57,708, dated September4,1866; antedatcd August 10, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM HALSTED, of the city of Trenton and State ofNew Jersey, have discovered a new and Improved Mode of Making ArtificialFuel of certain ingredientsviz., peat, bogturf or turf of salt-marsh,refuse coal-dust, sawdust, pitch-tar, rosin, petroleumoil or other oil,or other ingredients,mixed, combined, or compressed together in variousways, modes, forms, and combinations, of which the following is aspecification.

The nature of my invention is the com binin g together of theingredients above or hereinafter mentioned in certain ways, modes, andproportions, and treating them in the way or substantially ashereinafterdescribed.

The first kind is made by grinding, tempering, or mixing together peatand coal-dust or refuse coal, and forming it into blocks, and thendrying it by natural or artificial heat.

The second is made in the same way as the first, except that thematerial is subjected to pressure before it is dried, to aid and assistin drying and solidifying and rendering it more compact.

The third kind is made by grinding, tempering, or mixing together ofsalt-marsh turf and coal-dust or refuse coal, forming it into blocks orcakes, and drying it by natural or artificial heat.

The fourth kind is made the same as the third, except that it issubjected to pressure before it is dried.

The fifth kind is made by grinding, tempering, or mixing together peator salt-marsh turf with about equal quantities of coal-dust or refusecoal, or from twenty to fifty per cent. of refuse coal or coal-dust withfrom four to twenty per cent. of petroleum, or of asphaltum, or ofbitumen, or of coal-tar or other tar, and forming it into cakes orblocks, and drying them by natural or artificial heat.

The sixth kind is made the same as the fifth kind, except that thematerial is subjected to pressure before it is dried.

The seventh kind is made thus: Take peat or turf of salt-marsh and cut,break, or mold it into blocks or forms of any ordinary size for burning,and then dip them into or saturate them with heated coal-tar or meltedasphaltum, bitumen, pitch, or common tar, and then roll them in or coverthem well with refuse coal-dust, sawdust, or refuse tanners bark, andafter they are dry then dip them wholly or partially into petroleunroil,fish or other oil, turpentine, naphtha, oleine, or melted grease, orsprinkle them with the same.

The eighth kind is composed of peat or turf of salt-marsh, cut orcompressed into rectangular or other suitable forms for burning, andthen dried or partially charred, and then dipped or partially dipped inany of the liquids mentioned in the description of the seventh kind, orsaturated with or sprinkled over with the same.

The ninth kind is made as described in the eighth kind, but dipped in amixture made of one part of pitch or rosin, one to two parts ofpetroleum, heated together and mixed with from five to seven parts ofsawdust or coaldust, and then dried.

The tenth kind is composed of ground or pulverized peat or turf ofsalt-marsh, mixed together with from one-quarter of one per cent. to oneper cent. of pitch or rosin, and from one to four per cent. ofpetroleum-oil, and from two to eight per cent. of coal-tar or ordinarytar, all melted and heated together, and mixed with from ten to fiftyper cent. of refuse coal or of sawdust, or with about equal parts ofrefuse coal and sawdust, and then compressed into forms and dried.

The eleventh kind is composed of ground or pulverized peat or turf ofsalt-marsh, mixed with from twenty to sixty per cent. of refusecoal-dust, sawdust, or refuse tanners bark, and then heated to about 180of Fahrenheit, and while in its heated state compressed into forms orblocks suitable for burning.

The twelfth kind is composed of from two to ten per cent. of tar, pitch,bitumen, or asphaltum, or of fish or other oil, petroleum, naphtha,lard, or grease, together with from two to four per cent. of water, andfrom two to four per cent. of rye bran, wheat bran, buckwheat bran,fiaxseed bran, and then pieces of peat or saltmarsh turf of suitablesizes for burning, either compressed into forms or otherwise dipped orrolled into the mixture, or saturated with the same, and then dried.

The thirteenth kind is composed of from I What I claim as my invention,and desire twenty to sixty per cent. of refuse coal or coaldust or ofsawdust, or about equal parts of each, with from twenty to eighty partsof pulverized peat or turf of salt-marsh, mixed with the ingredientsstated in the twelfth kind, and pressed into form and then dried.

The fourteenth kind is the same as the thirteenth, only all theingredients are heated together to a temperature of from 90 to 180 ofFahrenheit, and while heated compressed into suitable forms.

to secure by Letters Patent, is-- The combination, mixture, andtreatment of the ingredients above mentioned, substantially as abovedescribed, and intended to produce the same eifect.

W. HALSTED.

Witnesses WM. R. BRADFORD, E. TASTET.

